With regard to government services, kiosks are versatile for the general public to enable round-the-clock services from some of the government departments even after the oce hours. Especially when more electronic services can now be exercised through interactive voice response and online web services, kiosks become increasingly applicable to complement these remotely triggered channels to automate the service delivery and fulllment. A wide range of government services can benet from the adoption of kiosks to increase operation eciency for public use. These may include services about appointment booking, service registration, license renewal, bill payment, job searching, form submission and change of contacts etc.

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